Soviet 85-mm anti-aircraft gun (designed in 1939) was widely used by Red army troops. These guns defended troops at front, administrative centers and factories. Anti-air divisions of Supreme High Command Reserve were armed with these guns. Effective range of 52-K guns was 10,5 km, so it could shoot at enemy planes at any height.

85-mm anti-aircraft guns could be used as anti-tank guns too. For example, the staff list of 1940 specified that 25 85-mm anti-aircraft guns (specifically for anti-tank use) were to be included in anti-tank artillery brigade. Its armor-piercing projectiles could pierce an 85 mm thick armor on a distance of up to 1 km.